Showing posts with label Just Published. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Just Published. Show all posts

Tuesday, 2 March 2010

Just Published: "Sign Crossroads in Global Perspective. Semioethics and Responsibility" by Susan Petrilli

Susan Petrilli, Sign Crossroads in global perspective. Semioethics and Responsibility, John Deely Editor, Transactions, New York, 2010.

This book testifies to the scope of studies on signs, language and communication, crossing over different spheres of human knowledge (from the natural sciences to the social sciences) in the context of global communication today.

The general science of signs or semiotics is unique in providing the only inherently interdisciplinary perspective available and critiques the tendency to exasperate specialization and separatism among the sciences. Without belying the need of specialization for progress in science, this book contributes to a better understanding of what all intellectual pursuits share in common through their dependency upon signs and the action of signs. It is committed to a critique of all forms of sectorialization and separtism, of arrogant individualism, in a social system, that of globalization, that does not consent any one of these attitudes, but on the contrary urgently calls for participation, involvment, and critique which a global science of signs can adequately provide.
Sign Crossroads addresses universal issues connected with meaning and interpretation, knowledge and understanding, significance and translation, signs, values and ideologies in a global semiotic perspective developed in the direction of 'semioethics'. Other topics include the question of responsibility, freedom, the interpersonal relation, subjectivity.

The eight chapters forming the book are the following:
1. Semioethics and Responsibility. Beyond Specialisms, Universalisms, and Humanisms
2. Working with Interpreters of the "Meaning of Meaning". International Trends among 20th-Century Sign Theorists
3. The Relation with Morris in Rossi-Landi's and Sebeok's Approach to Signs
4. Iconicity and the Origin of Language: Charles S. Peirce and Giorgio Fano, 123
5. Bodies and Signs: For a Typology of Semiosic Materiality
6. Semiotic Phenomenology of Predicative Judgement
7. On Communication. Contributions to the Human Sciences and to Humanism from Semiotics Understood as Semioethics
8. Iconicity in Translation. On Similarity, Alterity, and Dialogism in the Relation among Signs


Language is the species-specific human version of the animal system of communication. In contrast to non-human animals, language enables humans to invent a plurality of possible worlds; reflect upon signs; be responsible for our actions; gain conscious awareness of our inevitable mutual involvement in the network of life on this planet; and be responsibly involved in the destiny of the planet.

The author looks at semiotics, the study of signs, symbols, and communication as developing sequentially rather than successively, more synchronically than diachronically. She discusses the contemporary phenomenon that people in today's society have witnessed and participated in, as part of the development of semiotics. Although there is a long history preceding semiotics, in a sense the field is as a phenomenon, more "of our time" than of any time past. Its leading figures, whom Petrilli examines, belong to the twentieth and twenty-first century.

Semiotics is associated with a capacity for listening. This capacity is also the condition for reconnecting to and recovering the ancient vocation of semiotics as that branch of medical science relating to the interpretation of signs or symptoms The pragmatic aspect of global semiotics studies the impact of language or signs on those who use them, and looks for consequences in actual practice. In this respect, Petrilli theorizes that the task for semiotics in the era of globalization is nothing less than to take responsibility for life in its totality.
Susan Petrilli is the Seventh Thomas A. Sebeok Fellow of the Semiotic Society of America and professor at the University of Bari, Italy. In addition, she is the author of numerous books including Semiotics Unbounded (with Augusto Ponzio), 2005,Translation Translation, 2003, Signifying and Understanding. Reading the works of Victoria Welby and the signific movement, 2009.

The Translator: Studies in Intercultural Communication Volume 16, Number 1, 2010


Now available to online subscribers


Contents


The ‘Wobbling’ Translation : H.D. and the Transmission of the Classics

Author: Jennifer Varney, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Spain

Pages 1-18

This paper focuses on the translations produced by one of the leading exponents of Imagism. H.D. was one of the few women writers in the early years of the 20th century to gain critical acceptance, and like her fellow writers of the Modernist period, she used translation to hone her poetic skills. This young American poet radically broke with the prevailing norms governing the transmission of the Classics, and her controversial and often brilliant translations of Euripides’ tragedies function as a site of poetic experimentation where the female poet can make her own presence as reader/translator/authoritative poet visible. The paper attempts to describe the context in which H.D. produced her translations, focusing specifically on the Modernist’s relationship with the Classics. It then examines H.D.’s translation of the first chorus of Euripides’ ‘Iphigeneia in Aulis’, published in the Poets’ Translation Series in 1915, a series which she edited with her husband Richard Aldington. This translation sees the poet both rehearsing her imagist poetics and claiming the right to intervene in and position herself within the line of classical transmission.

Keywords: H.D., Classical transmission, Imagism, Modernism, Ezra Pound, Euripides

Ethical Problems in Translation: Why We Might Need Steiner After All

Author: Phil Goodwin, University of Manchester, UK

Pages 19-42

Translation represents the quintessential ethical situation of the encounter with the other. Beginning from Levinas, this paper argues that translation is intrinsically ethical. Making extensive use of a case study from the theoretical literature (Jenin, Jenin, in Baker 2006), the paper demonstrates that the issues raised by this translation are profoundly ethical, rather than merely technical. Attempts to resolve these issues by ‘importing’ an ethical theory (rights theory is the example used here) are shown to be unsuccessful. However, the hermeneutical model of translation already contains within itself an ethics of translation. This is exemplified by Steiner’s hermeneutic of translation as described in After Babel (Steiner 1975/1998). After considering some objections to Steiner’s work, the paper argues that it should be regarded as a bridge between Levinas’ philosophical ethics and the practical issues of translation.

Keywords: Levinas, ethics, George Steiner, Hermeneutic motion, Rights theory

Alejandra Pizarnik as Translator

Author: Fiona Mackintosh, University of Edinburgh, UK

Pages: 43-66

Argentinian poet Alejandra Pizarnik (1936-1972) is a key figure in Latin American poetry of the second half of the 20th century, and although her poetry has been the focus of much attention, her work as a translator has to date been relatively overlooked, despite translation being a prominent aspect of her working practice. This article examines in detail Pizarnik’s two major published translation projects: La inmaculada concepción(1972), a translation of the key surrealist work L’Immaculée conception (The Immaculate Conception, 1930), co-authored by André Breton and Paul Éluard, and La vida tranquila(1972), her version of Marguerite Duras’ little known second novel La vie tranquille (The Quiet Life, 1944). The article argues that Pizarnik’s translations are systematically inflected by her own thematic obsessions and aesthetic convictions, and shaped by the radically changed socio-literary context of the moment of translation. Her version of Breton and Éluard grows out of her critical relationship to surrealism’s objectification of women, and her rendering of Duras’s idiosyncratic style responds to her search for a more woman-centred and poetic prose discourse. Through Duras, Pizarnik is able vicariously to fulfill her longstanding desire for writing a novel.

Keywords: Alejandra Pizarnik, Marguerite Duras, André Breton, Paul Éluard, Gender, Surrealism

Film Subtitles from a Cross-cultural Pragmatics Perspective: Issues of Linguistic and Cultural Representation

Author: Marie-Noëlle Guillot, University of East Anglia, UK

Pages: 67-92

This article deals with the question of linguistic and cultural representation in film subtitles from a cross-cultural pragmatics perspective, in relation to issues of cultural stereotyping and cross-cultural understanding. The argument is based on a case study of the French film Sur mes lèvres (Audiard 2001) and its version with English subtitles (Read My Lips), and focuses on the particularly problematic issue of the representation of the T/V system of pronominal address. It is underpinned by two research hypotheses, namely that subtitles (i) produce their own systems of multi-modal textual representation and activate their own modes of textual interpretation, and thus (ii) may have a greater capacity to alert audiences to linguistic and cultural specificities across languages and to promote intercultural sensitivity than they are given credit for when the text is taken at face value.

Keywords. Cross-cultural pragmatics, Cultural representations, Linguistic representations, Subtitling, T/V pronominal address, Theory of Mode

Data Documentation and Data Accessibility in Translation Process Research

Author: Susanne Göpferich, University of Graz, Austria

Pages: 93-124

This article addresses the problem that data collected in investigations into translation processes is not made available to the scientific community in most cases, with the consequence that findings based on such data cannot be reproduced and verified and that the data cannot be re-used in other investigations. The article suggests (1) a text annotation system based on the Guidelines for Electronic Text Encoding and Interchange of the Text Encoding Initiative (TEI), which have been adapted to the specific requirements of translation process research, and (2) the use of asset management systems (AMS) to make translation process data accessible on the Internet. AMS are electronic systems for storing, archiving, annotating, and analyzing digital resources of any type. The advantages and functionality these systems offer are described both from the perspective of researchers and from the perspective of translation pedagogy. The text annotation system is illustrated using transcription examples from a longitudinal study of the development of translation competence in students of translation. Special emphasis is placed on the meta-data required for translation-process transcripts and the different phenomena to be transcribed.

Keywords: Translation process research, Verbal report data, Data documentation, Asset management, Annotation, Tagging, XML

Revisiting the Classics

Histories and Utopias: On Venuti's The Translator's Invisibility

Author: Dirk Delabastita, University of Namur, Belgium

Review of: The Translator’s Invisibility. A History of Translation. Second edition. Lawrence Venuti, London & New York: Routledge, 2008.

Book Reviews

Abé Mark Nornes: Cinema Babel: Translating Global Cinema

Reviewed by Carol O’Sullivan, University of Portsmouth, UK

Jorge Díaz Cintas and Aline Remael: Audiovisual Translation: Subtitling (Translation Practices Explained, Vol. 11)

Reviewed by Carol O’Sullivan, University of Portsmouth, UK

Delia Chiaro, Christine Heiss and Chiara Bucaria (eds):Between Text and Image: Updating Research in Screen Translation

Reviewed by Federico Gaspari, University of Macerata, Italy

Christine Raguet-Bouvard (ed.): Palimpsestes: Traduire ou Vouloir garder un peu de la poussière d’or

Reviewed by Stella Harvey, Goldsmiths College, University of London, UK

Georges L. Bastin and Paul F. Bandia (eds): Charting the Future of Translation History

Reviewed by Gregary J. Racz, Long Island University, USA

Paul St-Pierre and Prafulla C. Kar (eds): In Translation – Reflections, Refractions, Transformations

Reviewed by Harry Aveling, Monash University, Australia

Juliane House: Translation

Reviewed by Amin Karimnia, Islamic Azad University, Iran

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